Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology

THE IMPORTANCE OF SHADOWS IN HUMAN LIFE AND SOME RULES FOR DRAWING SHADOWS IN PERSPECTIVE IMAGES

Nigmоnov Bahrom

Tashkent University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

O‘rinova Shoxista

Tashkent University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Ermatova Arofat

Tashkent University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Keywords: axonometry, own and cast shadows, orthogonality, geometric solids, multiplicity, student, method, specialists, laws of proportion, scientific research, didactics, theory, practical application, composition, skill.

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Abstract

The purpose of this article is to introduce students to the fundamentals of shadow construction in perspective drawings, including determining the direction of light rays, methods for constructing cast and self-shadows, as well as developing spatial thinking skills and the ability to visualize lighting in graphic compositions. Special attention is given to the differences between shadows formed under natural and artificial lighting conditions.

In natural lighting, the primary light source is typically the Sun, which results in a strict, nearly parallel direction of light rays. This simplifies the construction of shadows, as all shadows from objects are cast in the same direction. Additionally, the intensity of light and the length of shadows vary depending on the time of day and weather conditions, which must be taken into account when creating realistic compositions.

In contrast, artificial lighting involves one or more point light sources (such as lamps or spotlights), which produce a radial, divergent direction of light rays. This requires different approaches to shadow construction: shadows may vary depending on the position of the light source relative to the object, may overlap, be duplicated, and form more complex shapes. Understanding these differences is essential for accurately and expressively depicting light and shadow relationships in architectural, design, and artistic graphics.

Thus, the article examines both the theoretical aspects of lighting and the practical methods of shadow construction, enabling students to create convincing and technically sound perspective drawings with consideration of various light sources.

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