Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology

Expression of p53 and CD31 in Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors: A Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Study

Daniyar Anarbaevich Nishanov1

Republican Center of Pathological Anatomy

Otabek Bakhtiyorovich Abdurakhmonov2

Akfa Medline Clinic2 — Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan

Murod Sarvarovich Khudayorov2

Tashkent State Medical University², Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan

Umidjon Abduganiyevich Soatov3

Termez Branch of Tashkent State Medical University

Keywords: Salivary gland carcinoma, p53, CD31, angiogenesis, immunohistochemistry, prognosis, molecular pathology

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Abstract

Background: Salivary gland malignancies represent a diagnostically and therapeutically challenging group of head and neck tumors. Immunohistochemical biomarkers such as p53, CD31, VEGFR, and Ki-67 are essential in assessing the proliferative and angiogenic activity of these neoplasms.
      To evaluate the expression patterns of p53 and CD31 in malignant salivary gland tumors (MSCTs) and determine their diagnostic, prognostic, and clinical implications.Seventy patients diagnosed with MSCTs between 2017–2022 were analyzed. Immunohistochemical studies were conducted on 40 selected cases (20 mucoepidermoid carcinomas and 20 adenocarcinomas) using Bond Leica (Australia) processors with antibodies against p53, CD31, Ki-67, and VEGFR. Expressions were semi-quantitatively evaluated using the Allred scoring system.p53 expression in mucoepidermoid carcinoma was low in 70%, moderate in 20%, and high in 10% of cases, while adenocarcinomas showed low in 10%, moderate in 20%, and high in 70%. For CD31, 100% of mucoepidermoid tumors exhibited weak vascular density (10–15 vessels/field), whereas adenocarcinomas displayed strong vascularity (30–40 vessels/field).
                       Adenocarcinomas of the salivary glands demonstrate significantly higher proliferative and angiogenic activity compared to mucoepidermoid carcinomas. p53 and CD31 can serve as reliable prognostic indicators for tumor aggressiveness and metastatic potential.

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References

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