Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology

SPECIFICITY OF TREATMENT OF PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE WITH H2 HISTAMINE BLOCKER DRUGS

Sobirjonov Islombek

Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Medical Biotechnology, ASMI

Keywords: peptic ulcer, H₂ receptor blockers, cimetidine, ranitidine, gastric acid secretion, histamine antagonists.

Abstract

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a chronic condition characterized by mucosal erosion in the stomach or duodenum, resulting from an imbalance between aggressive gastric factors such as acid and pepsin, and defensive mechanisms including mucosal protection, prostaglandin secretion, and epithelial regeneration. Among the major therapeutic milestones in its treatment is the introduction of H₂ histamine receptor antagonists (H₂ blockers), which revolutionized gastroenterology by suppressing acid secretion effectively and promoting mucosal healing. This paper discusses the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic specificity, and clinical implications of H₂ blockers such as cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, and nizatidine in the management of peptic ulcer disease. Emphasis is placed on their mechanism of action, comparative efficacy, drug interactions, side effects, and their role in the contemporary era of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

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