Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology

STRATEGIES FOR ADDRESSING NEONATAL PROBLEMS IN NEWBORNS: AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH

Mubinjonov Aziz Daminovich

Students of the Pediatric faculty of the Samarkand State Medical University

Saidov Doniyorbek Olimjonovich

Students of the Pediatric faculty of the Samarkand State Medical University

Asadov Muxammadullo Madilloyevich

Students of the Pediatric faculty of the Samarkand State Medical University

Keywords: neonatal care, newborn health, respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal jaundice, kangaroo mother care, prenatal screening, Uzbekistan healthcare, evidence-based medicine, neonatal mortality, congenital anomalies

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Abstract

Neonatal complications, manifesting within the first 28 days of life, pose a significant global health challenge, particularly in developing nations like Uzbekistan, where neonatal mortality remains a concern at approximately 12 per 1,000 live births (Uzbekistan Ministry of Health, 2023). These complications encompass respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), neonatal jaundice, infections, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, and congenital anomalies, which collectively contribute to nearly half of under-five mortality worldwide (World Health Organization, 2020). This article provides an in-depth, evidence-based exploration of strategies to mitigate these issues, emphasizing prenatal diagnostics, intrapartum management, and postnatal interventions. Drawing on global research and localized studies from Uzbekistan, it highlights interventions such as antenatal corticosteroids, surfactant therapy, phototherapy, kangaroo mother care (KMC), and surgical corrections for congenital anomalies. The integration of culturally sensitive, cost-effective approaches tailored to Uzbekistan’s healthcare infrastructure is discussed, alongside future directions involving innovative technologies. The article aims to inform policy and practice to reduce neonatal mortality and improve long-term health outcomes.

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